Ray Fleming
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 | Ray Fleming's Home Page Ray Fleming[Updated 1 decade ago] |
 | The Origin of Mass Ray Fleming[Updated 1 decade ago] Concepts of mass began with respect to a body's acceleration due to gravity, its weight. But mass has to be considered as something separate from gravity, a fundamental property of matter, when we calculate that acceleration due to gravity. As scientists learned about particles like electrons and protons, those particles were presumed to have an amount of mass that was intrinsic to the particle. The origin of mass at the particle level has never been understood. Oh, there are some known proportionalities so numerological systems for computing mass energy were developed, but underneath it has never been clear why a proton has the mass it has, why an electron has the mass it has and how and why the ratio between those masses is ~1836. As with everything in the universe, we can never be confident that we understand what is going on unless the theory of choice takes zero-point energy into account. The first thing that happens when a particle, or any other body exists in a space is that it displaces vacuum energy. Vacuum fluctuations that would have been present are not because a particle is in the way. If we consider a particle as a spherical shell of some kind, it will effectively be a Casimir cavity. The zero-point energy wavelengths that would normally exist in that space that happen to have a wavelength the same diameter as the particle's shell, can no longer exist. The higher energy wavelengths inside still exist, the lower energy wavelengths outside still exist, but the ones equal to the shell diameter are displaced. The displacement of zero-point energy reduces the energy density of the vacuum in the region of the particle. That difference in energy is the particle's mass. |
 | The Weak Hawking Interaction Ray Fleming[Updated 1 decade ago] The weak interaction, sometimes called the weak force is used to explain certain types of particle interactions that are not readily described using electromagnetic theory. The most important group of weak interactions is beta decay. Beta particles, more commonly called electrons, were known to be released in certain forms of radioactive decay, which when grouped together are collectively called beta decay. This includes positron decay. The most basic example is neutron decay. A neutron is formed when an electron is accelerated toward a proton with sufficient force to overcome the basic repulsion between them ~700 keV. Within about 10 minutes, half of the free neutrons decay with the electron leaving being a proton and carrying an excess amount of energy. The total energy released is ~700 keV, but the electron energy varies over a continuum of energies with a peak somewhere around 300 keV, the midway point. The remaining energy is carried away by an anti-neutrino. When considering beta decay it is useful to think of a neutron as an electron collocated with a proton. It turns out that there is a simple solution that is related to Hawking radiation and fits within zero-point field theory. In Hawking radiation a virtual particle pair, a zero-point vacuum fluctuation forms adjacent to the event horizon of a black hole. If one half of the particle pair crosses the event horizon, but the other stays behind, they will be separated. The now free, but formerly virtual particle then radiates away from the Black Hole. The same thing happens when an electron-positron pair is near a neutron. The positron annihilates with the electron part of the neutron leaving behind a proton. The once virtual electron now becomes free. It is also sufficiently distant from the proton so that it is not recaptured and it carries away the excess energy. Because the virtual electron-positron can have a range of energies, the free electron has a range of energies. An anti-neutrino still carries away the excess. |
 | The Zero-Point Universe- How the universe works with respect to zero-point energy Ray Fleming[Updated 1 decade ago] What if there was no such thing as action at a distance, no magical force transmission? What if there where no such things as smart particles carrying memory chips full of the information needed for an object in space to know where it is supposed to go? What if all forces where transmitted point-to-point by zero point energy, through the zero point field? What if all objects where pushed on by the zero-point field, and all forces where due pressure differentials, much in the same way as the Casimir Force. In the Zero-Point Universe reasonable explanations for force interactions, are identified by ignoring old theories that rely on action at a distance, since magical force transmission is obviously false. There is only one thing we know to be present through the vacuum of space and that is zero-point energy; hence every force interaction must be transmitted by and through the zero point field. By being rigorous, and jettisoning the old magical force transmission theories, and being conservative in our approach to explain force transmission, without violating the principles of conservation of energy and momentum, the energy limitations for virtual particles required by Planck?s theory of quantum harmonic oscillators, and the detection limits of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, we find that there is only one possible self consistent theory in the zero-point universe, and only one force, the Electro-Matter Force. |