The Gyroscopic Theory of Electromagnetic Radiation
In 1873, Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell proposed the plane wave theory of electromagnetic radiation, whereby mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields propagate at the speed of light, in phase with each other and perpendicular to the propagation direction. Meanwhile, since Maxwell’s curl equations imply that the electric and magnetic fields in an electromagnetic wave are actually out of phase by ninety degrees, this discrepancy will now be investigated.