Newton’s Gravitational Law over Dark Matter - Revision history

DeHilster at 18:56, 30 August 2018

2018-08-30T18:56:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:56, 30 August 2018
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	[[Category:Scientific Paper\|Scientific Paper]]		[[Category:Scientific Paper\|Scientific Paper]]
			[[Category:Scientific Paper Full\|Newton’s Gravitational Law over Dark Matter]]
	[[Category:Gravity]]		[[Category:Gravity]]

DeHilster: /* Abstract */

2017-12-28T20:23:46Z

Abstract

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:23, 28 December 2017
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	This article presents several cases needing the scrutiny guided by Newtons gravitational law. After the examination of these few cases, a reader can easily arrive at a conclusion regarding whether the science world has come to a need to modify Newton's law or a need to modify some people's attitude of attempting the modification of Newton's law. Through applying Newton's law, it also appears to us that the Magellanic Clouds <ref>URL, '''http://phys.org/news/2007-01-magellanic-clouds.html''' 2016 \vspace{1em'''</ref> cannot be expected to have been traveling on a close orbit about the Milky Way <ref>'''MILKY WAY''', Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 2016. \vspace{1em'''</ref> , but instead, they are only one time visitors to our galaxy. No close orbit means no satellite. It therefore means that the Magellanic Clouds are of no satellite to the Milky Way. Newton's gravitational law also gives us explanation why two-rotational-arms is a prominently popular phenomenon among rotating galaxies.		This article presents several cases needing the scrutiny guided by Newtons gravitational law. After the examination of these few cases, a reader can easily arrive at a conclusion regarding whether the science world has come to a need to modify Newton's law or a need to modify some people's attitude of attempting the modification of Newton's law. Through applying Newton's law, it also appears to us that the Magellanic Clouds <ref>URL, '''http://phys.org/news/2007-01-magellanic-clouds.html''' 2016 \vspace{1em'''</ref> cannot be expected to have been traveling on a close orbit about the Milky Way <ref>'''MILKY WAY''', Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 2016. \vspace{1em'''</ref> , but instead, they are only one time visitors to our galaxy. No close orbit means no satellite. It therefore means that the Magellanic Clouds are of no satellite to the Milky Way. Newton's gravitational law also gives us explanation why two-rotational-arms is a prominently popular phenomenon among rotating galaxies.

	***Please refer to the following three articles: '''Relativity is Self-defeated (1 of 3)''' in terms of Mathematics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (1 of 3) ~~\textemdash~~ In terms of Mathematics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' 1em'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (2 of 3) ''' in terms of physics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (2 of 3) ~~\textemdash~~ In terms of Physics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (3 of 3)''' Lorentz factor, Aberration, and Ether <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (3 of 3) ~~\textemdash~~ Lorentz Factor, Aberration, and Ether''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' '''</ref> . All these three articles by Cameron Rebigsol can be found in the 2016 Proceedings of John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society (CNPS).		***Please refer to the following three articles: '''Relativity is Self-defeated (1 of 3)''' in terms of Mathematics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (1 of 3) - In terms of Mathematics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' 1em'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (2 of 3) ''' in terms of physics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (2 of 3) - In terms of Physics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (3 of 3)''' Lorentz factor, Aberration, and Ether <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (3 of 3) - Lorentz Factor, Aberration, and Ether''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' '''</ref> . All these three articles by Cameron Rebigsol can be found in the 2016 Proceedings of John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society (CNPS).

	<figure id="fig:cameron0A">		<figure id="fig:cameron0A">

DeHilster at 21:52, 27 December 2017

2017-12-27T21:52:31Z

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DeHilster: /* Abstract */

2017-12-27T21:51:08Z

Abstract

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:51, 27 December 2017
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	<figure id="fig:cameron0A">		<figure id="fig:cameron0A">
	[[Image:Cameron-Rebigsol-Newton-s-Gravitational-Law-over-Dark-Matter-CameronRebigsol04-Fig0A.~~jpg~~\|thumbnail\|300px\|<caption>Galaxy rotation curve for the Milky Way. Vertical axis is speed of rotation about the Galactic Center. Horizontal aix is distance form the Galactic Center in kpcs. The Sun is marked with a yellow ball. The observed curve of speed of rotation is blue. The predicted curve based upon stellar mass and gas in the Milky Way is red. Scatter in observations roughly indicated by gray bars. (Wikipedia)</caption>]]		[[Image:Cameron-Rebigsol-Newton-s-Gravitational-Law-over-Dark-Matter-CameronRebigsol04-Fig0A.png\|thumbnail\|300px\|<caption>Galaxy rotation curve for the Milky Way. Vertical axis is speed of rotation about the Galactic Center. Horizontal aix is distance form the Galactic Center in kpcs. The Sun is marked with a yellow ball. The observed curve of speed of rotation is blue. The predicted curve based upon stellar mass and gas in the Milky Way is red. Scatter in observations roughly indicated by gray bars. (Wikipedia)</caption>]]
	</figure>		</figure>

DeHilster: /* Case 5a: Gravity at the Tip of a Cross */

2017-12-27T21:48:50Z

Case 5a: Gravity at the Tip of a Cross

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:48, 27 December 2017
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	<br><math>(47)\ \ F_{5/3} = F_{5/1}+F_{5/2}</math><br>		<br><math>(47)\ \ F_{5/3} = F_{5/1}+F_{5/2}</math><br>
	<br><math>= 1.403 \frac{GmM}{a^2}</math><br>		<br><math>= 1.403 \frac{GmM}{a^2}</math><br>
	<br><math>= 1.403 ~~\hspace{0.1cm}~~ F_{4/2}</math><br>		<br><math>= 1.403 F_{4/2}</math><br>


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	</figure>		</figure>

	===Case 5b ~~\hspace{0.2cm===~~On the Gravity of a Softened Cross and on the Rotation Arms of the Milky Way}		===Case 5b On the Gravity of a Softened Cross and on the Rotation Arms of the Milky Way===

	If the lower arm of the cross is: (1) a rotating body with respect to the mass center of the entire cross and (2) composed of loose materials, all the materials in this arm must display the same movement pattern as what A, B, and C are showing in figure <xr id="fig:cameron07a"/> .		If the lower arm of the cross is: (1) a rotating body with respect to the mass center of the entire cross and (2) composed of loose materials, all the materials in this arm must display the same movement pattern as what A, B, and C are showing in figure <xr id="fig:cameron07a"/> .

DeHilster: /* Case 1: The On-Axis Effect */

2017-12-27T21:45:31Z

Case 1: The On-Axis Effect

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:45, 27 December 2017
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	Now, we have come to a point that a big question demands answer:		Now, we have come to a point that a big question demands answer:

	'''Do we need "dark matter" or to "modify" Newton's law to explain the on-axis effect based on <math display="inline">v_{1/1} > v_{1/2}</math> that is correspondingly caused by <math display="inline">F_{1/1} > F_{1/2}</math> '''		'''Do we need "dark matter" or to "modify" Newton's law to explain the on-axis effect based on <math display="inline">v_{1/1} > v_{1/2}</math> that is correspondingly caused by <math display="inline">F_{1/1} > F_{1/2}</math> '''

	===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===		===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===

DeHilster: /* Abstract */

2017-12-27T21:44:54Z

Abstract

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:44, 27 December 2017
Line 19:		Line 19:
	This article presents several cases needing the scrutiny guided by Newtons gravitational law. After the examination of these few cases, a reader can easily arrive at a conclusion regarding whether the science world has come to a need to modify Newton's law or a need to modify some people's attitude of attempting the modification of Newton's law. Through applying Newton's law, it also appears to us that the Magellanic Clouds <ref>URL, '''http://phys.org/news/2007-01-magellanic-clouds.html''' 2016 \vspace{1em'''</ref> cannot be expected to have been traveling on a close orbit about the Milky Way <ref>'''MILKY WAY''', Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 2016. \vspace{1em'''</ref> , but instead, they are only one time visitors to our galaxy. No close orbit means no satellite. It therefore means that the Magellanic Clouds are of no satellite to the Milky Way. Newton's gravitational law also gives us explanation why two-rotational-arms is a prominently popular phenomenon among rotating galaxies.		This article presents several cases needing the scrutiny guided by Newtons gravitational law. After the examination of these few cases, a reader can easily arrive at a conclusion regarding whether the science world has come to a need to modify Newton's law or a need to modify some people's attitude of attempting the modification of Newton's law. Through applying Newton's law, it also appears to us that the Magellanic Clouds <ref>URL, '''http://phys.org/news/2007-01-magellanic-clouds.html''' 2016 \vspace{1em'''</ref> cannot be expected to have been traveling on a close orbit about the Milky Way <ref>'''MILKY WAY''', Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 2016. \vspace{1em'''</ref> , but instead, they are only one time visitors to our galaxy. No close orbit means no satellite. It therefore means that the Magellanic Clouds are of no satellite to the Milky Way. Newton's gravitational law also gives us explanation why two-rotational-arms is a prominently popular phenomenon among rotating galaxies.

	***Please refer to the following three articles: '''~~\textit{~~Relativity is Self-defeated (1 of 3) '''~~}\(-\)\textit{~~in terms of Mathematics} <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (1 of 3) \textemdash In terms of Mathematics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' ~~\vspace{~~1em'''</ref> ; '''~~\textit{~~Relativity is Self-defeated (2 of 3) '''~~}\(-\)\textit{~~in terms of physics} <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (2 of 3) \textemdash In terms of Physics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol~~''' \vspace{1em~~'''</ref> ; '''~~\textit{~~Relativity is Self-defeated (3 of 3) '''~~}\(-\)\textit{~~Lorentz factor, Aberration, and Ether} <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (3 of 3) \textemdash Lorentz Factor, Aberration, and Ether''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' ~~\vspace{1em~~'''</ref> . All these three articles by ~~\textit{~~ Cameron Rebigsol} can be found in the 2016 Proceedings of John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society (CNPS).		***Please refer to the following three articles: '''Relativity is Self-defeated (1 of 3)''' in terms of Mathematics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (1 of 3) \textemdash In terms of Mathematics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' 1em'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (2 of 3) ''' in terms of physics <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (2 of 3) \textemdash In terms of Physics''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol'''</ref> ; '''Relativity is Self-defeated (3 of 3)''' Lorentz factor, Aberration, and Ether <ref>'''RELATIVITY IS SELF-DEFEATED (3 of 3) \textemdash Lorentz Factor, Aberration, and Ether''', Presented in the CNPS Conference of 2016 by ''Cameron Rebigsol''' '''</ref> . All these three articles by Cameron Rebigsol can be found in the 2016 Proceedings of John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society (CNPS).



	~~\maketitle \fancyhead[CE]{Cameron Rebigsol: Newton's Gravitational Law over Dark Matter} \index{Rebigsol, Cameron} \autotoc{\mytitle}{\myauthors}~~




	<figure id="fig:cameron0A">		<figure id="fig:cameron0A">
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	</figure>		</figure>

			==Introduction==
	~~\cnpsheading\section{~~Introduction}

	Through studying several special cases on the relationship between shape and gravitation, we will explore how some flying materials at a certain distance from the center of the Milky Way galaxy would show up with speeds higher or lower than "normal". The so called "normal" speed referred to in this article is the speed conventionally believed to be possessed by an object that is moving around a point mass at a distance far larger than the dimension of the point mass. The speed so obtained is derived according to the Newtonian gravitational law.		Through studying several special cases on the relationship between shape and gravitation, we will explore how some flying materials at a certain distance from the center of the Milky Way galaxy would show up with speeds higher or lower than "normal". The so called "normal" speed referred to in this article is the speed conventionally believed to be possessed by an object that is moving around a point mass at a distance far larger than the dimension of the point mass. The speed so obtained is derived according to the Newtonian gravitational law.

DeHilster: /* Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1 */

2017-12-27T21:41:07Z

Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:41, 27 December 2017
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	===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===		===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===

	'''STEP (A) '''		'''STEP (A) '''

	<figure id="fig:cameron2a">		<figure id="fig:cameron2a">
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	'''STEP (B) '''		'''STEP (B) '''

	Figure <xr id="fig:cameron2b"/> is a duplicate of figure <xr id="fig:cameron2a"/> but point <math display="inline">x=0</math> is located at K for calculation convenience.		Figure <xr id="fig:cameron2b"/> is a duplicate of figure <xr id="fig:cameron2a"/> but point <math display="inline">x=0</math> is located at K for calculation convenience.
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	'''STEP (c) '''		'''STEP (c) '''

	The total force between A and the mass center of the entire bar is <math display="inline">F_{2/3}=F_{2/1}+F_{2/2}</math> and thus		The total force between A and the mass center of the entire bar is <math display="inline">F_{2/3}=F_{2/1}+F_{2/2}</math> and thus
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	<br><math>(27)\ \ F_{2/5} =\frac{F_{2/3} \cdot h}{\sqrt{a^2+h^2}}</math><br>		<br><math>(27)\ \ F_{2/5} =\frac{F_{2/3} \cdot h}{\sqrt{a^2+h^2}}</math><br>
	<br><math>=\frac{GmM}{2(a^2+h^2)} \cdot \bigg(1+ \frac{h}{\sqrt{4a^2+h^2}}\bigg)</math><br>		<br><math>=\frac{GmM}{2(a^2+h^2)} \cdot \bigg(1+ \frac{h}{\sqrt{4a^2+h^2}}\bigg)</math><br>


	===Case 3a: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 2===		===Case 3a: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 2===

DeHilster: /* Case 1: The On-Axis Effect */

2017-12-27T21:40:04Z

Case 1: The On-Axis Effect

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:40, 27 December 2017
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	Thus the total force <math display="inline">F_{1/1}</math> between A and the bar is		Thus the total force <math display="inline">F_{1/1}</math> between A and the bar is

	<br><math>(3)\ \ F_{1/1}= &\int_{D}^{D+2a} G \frac{m M}{L x^2}dx =G\frac{mM}{D(D+2a)}</math><br>		<br><math>(3)\ \ F_{1/1}= \int_{D}^{D+2a} G \frac{m M}{L x^2}dx =G\frac{mM}{D(D+2a)}</math><br>


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	Now, we have come to a point that a big question demands answer:		Now, we have come to a point that a big question demands answer:

	'''Do we need "dark matter" or to "modify" Newton's law to explain the on-axis effect based on <math display="inline">v_{1/1} > v_{1/2}</math> that is correspondingly caused by <math display="inline">F_{1/1} > F_{1/2}</math> '''		'''Do we need "dark matter" or to "modify" Newton's law to explain the on-axis effect based on <math display="inline">v_{1/1} > v_{1/2}</math> that is correspondingly caused by <math display="inline">F_{1/1} > F_{1/2}</math> '''

	===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===		===Case 2: Gravity off the Axis of a Bar, Situation 1===

DeHilster: /* Abstract */

2017-12-27T21:36:13Z

Abstract

Show changes