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	<id>http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Galilean-Newtonian_Relativity</id>
	<title>Galilean-Newtonian Relativity - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-04-10T01:32:32Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Galilean-Newtonian_Relativity&amp;diff=23765&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Imported from text file</title>
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		<updated>2017-01-02T02:34:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Imported from text file&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:34, 1 January 2017&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l18&quot;&gt;Line 18:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 18:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Scientific Paper|galilean-newtonian relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Scientific Paper|galilean-newtonian relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Relativity&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|galilean-newtonian relativity&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Galilean-Newtonian_Relativity&amp;diff=18359&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Imported from text file</title>
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		<updated>2017-01-01T17:27:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Imported from text file&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:27, 1 January 2017&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l14&quot;&gt;Line 14:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 14:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The velocity &#039;&#039;c = (e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039; appears in Maxwell&#039;s equations, but these equations say nothing about that velocity with respect to an absolute background and give no reference frame against which the velocity is measured. All experimenters obtain the same values for &#039;&#039;e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;, so the observed velocity is the same in any observer&#039;s reference frame. As the speed of the moving observer can assume any value, the EM energy or wave leaving the source must have speed components in a continuous range, including &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039; as measured in any arbitrary reference frame. This frame independent nature of Maxwell&#039;s equations does not prohibit a range of velocities, but instead dictates this to be so, and herein we develop a Galilean invariant form of Maxwell&#039;s equations. Thus, Maxwell&#039;s equations indicate there are physically detectable components of any EM energy that reach an observer faster or slower than a component traveling at &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039; as measured by that observer.  It is this peculiar nature of light that led to the development of special relativity, but it is shown that the Lorentz transformations are nothing more than an elegant manipulation of the Galilean transformations with no physical basis of support.  A direct consequence of this demonstration is the possibility of superluminal communications and travel.[[Category:Scientific Paper]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The velocity &#039;&#039;c = (e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039; appears in Maxwell&#039;s equations, but these equations say nothing about that velocity with respect to an absolute background and give no reference frame against which the velocity is measured. All experimenters obtain the same values for &#039;&#039;e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;, so the observed velocity is the same in any observer&#039;s reference frame. As the speed of the moving observer can assume any value, the EM energy or wave leaving the source must have speed components in a continuous range, including &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039; as measured in any arbitrary reference frame. This frame independent nature of Maxwell&#039;s equations does not prohibit a range of velocities, but instead dictates this to be so, and herein we develop a Galilean invariant form of Maxwell&#039;s equations. Thus, Maxwell&#039;s equations indicate there are physically detectable components of any EM energy that reach an observer faster or slower than a component traveling at &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039; as measured by that observer.  It is this peculiar nature of light that led to the development of special relativity, but it is shown that the Lorentz transformations are nothing more than an elegant manipulation of the Galilean transformations with no physical basis of support.  A direct consequence of this demonstration is the possibility of superluminal communications and travel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Scientific Paper&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|galilean-newtonian relativity&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Galilean-Newtonian_Relativity&amp;diff=1536&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Imported from text file</title>
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		<updated>2016-12-30T02:39:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Imported from text file&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox paper&lt;br /&gt;
| title = Galilean-Newtonian Relativity&lt;br /&gt;
| url = [http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6699.pdf Link to paper]&lt;br /&gt;
| author = [[Curtis E Renshaw]]&lt;br /&gt;
| published = 2012&lt;br /&gt;
| journal = [[Proceedings of the NPA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| volume = [[9]]&lt;br /&gt;
| num_pages = 6&lt;br /&gt;
| pages = 451-456&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Read the full paper&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; [http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6699.pdf here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Abstract==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The velocity &amp;#039;&amp;#039;c = (e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1/2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; appears in Maxwell&amp;#039;s equations, but these equations say nothing about that velocity with respect to an absolute background and give no reference frame against which the velocity is measured. All experimenters obtain the same values for &amp;#039;&amp;#039;e&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;u&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, so the observed velocity is the same in any observer&amp;#039;s reference frame. As the speed of the moving observer can assume any value, the EM energy or wave leaving the source must have speed components in a continuous range, including &amp;#039;&amp;#039;c&amp;#039;&amp;#039; as measured in any arbitrary reference frame. This frame independent nature of Maxwell&amp;#039;s equations does not prohibit a range of velocities, but instead dictates this to be so, and herein we develop a Galilean invariant form of Maxwell&amp;#039;s equations. Thus, Maxwell&amp;#039;s equations indicate there are physically detectable components of any EM energy that reach an observer faster or slower than a component traveling at &amp;#039;&amp;#039;c&amp;#039;&amp;#039; as measured by that observer.  It is this peculiar nature of light that led to the development of special relativity, but it is shown that the Lorentz transformations are nothing more than an elegant manipulation of the Galilean transformations with no physical basis of support.  A direct consequence of this demonstration is the possibility of superluminal communications and travel.[[Category:Scientific Paper]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Relativity]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
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