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{{Quasar
| name = [[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources|3C]] 48
| image = Radio map of quasar 3C48.jpg
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| ra = {{RA|01|37|41.1}}<ref name="ned">{{cite web
| title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
| work=Results for 3C 48
| url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=3C+48&extend=no
| accessdate=2006-10-26 }}</ref>
| dec = {{DEC|+33|09|32}}<ref name="ned" />
| constellation name = [[Triangulum]]
| z = 110,024 ± 0 km/[[second|s]]<ref name="ned" /><br/>0.367<ref name="ned" />
| type = E<ref name=SIMBAD>[http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=3C+48 Simbad]</ref>
| dist_ly = 3.9 [[Giga-|billion]] [[light-year]]s<br/>([[Light travel time]])<ref name=ned/><br/>4.5 billion light-years<br/>([[Comoving distance|present]])<ref name=ned/>
| appmag_v = 16.2
| size_v = 0.6´X0.5´
| notes = First quasar discovered
| names = [[PG (star catalog)|PG]] 0134+329, [[Quasar|QSO]] B0134+329
}}

'''3C48''' is a [[quasar]] discovered in 1960; it was the second source conclusively identified as such.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Weaver | first = Kenneth F. |authorlink=Kenneth Weaver|date=May 1974 | title = The Incredible Universe | journal=[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]] | number = 5 | volume = 145 | pages = 589–633}}</ref>

3C48 was the first source in the [[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources]] for which an optical identification was found by [[Allan Sandage]] and [[Thomas A. Matthews]] in 1960 through [[interferometry]].<ref>{{cite journal
| author= Matthews, Thomas A.
| author-link= Thomas A. Matthews
| author2= Sandage, Allan R.
| author2-link= Allan Sandage
| title=Optical Identification of 3c 48, 3c 196, and 3c 286 with Stellar Objects
| date=1963
| journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]]
| volume=138
| pages=30–56
| bibcode=1963ApJ...138...30M
| doi=10.1086/147615
}}</ref>
[[Jesse L. Greenstein]] and Thomas Matthews found that it had a redshift of 0.367, making it one of the highest redshift sources then known.<ref>{{cite journal
| author=Greenstein, J. L.
| author-link=Jesse L. Greenstein
|author2=Matthews, Thomas A.
|author2-link=Thomas A. Matthews
| title=Red-Shift of the Unusual Radio Source 3C48
| date=1963
| journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]
| volume=197
| issue=4872
| pages=1041–1042
| bibcode=1963Natur.197.1041G
| doi=10.1038/1971041a0
}}</ref>
It was not until 1982 that the surrounding faint galactic "nebulosity" was confirmed to have the same redshift as 3C48, cementing its identification as an object in a distant galaxy.<ref>{{cite journal
| author=Todd A. Boroson
| author2=Oke, J. B.
| last-author-amp=yes
| title=Detection of the underlying galaxy in the QSO 3C48
| journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]
| volume=296
| issue=5856
| pages=397–399
| bibcode=1982Natur.296..397B
| doi=10.1038/296397a0
| date=1982}}</ref> This was also the first solid identification of a quasar with a surrounding galaxy at the same redshift.

3C 48 is one of four primary calibrators used by the [[Very Large Array]] (along with [[3C 138]] and [[3C 147]], and [[3C 286]]). Visibilities of all other sources are calibrated using observed visibilities of one of these four calibrators.<ref name="NRAO">{{cite web |last=Witz |first=Stephan W. |title=Calibration and Flux Density Scale |publisher=[[National Radio Astronomy Observatory]] |date=4 December 2015 |url=https://science.nrao.edu/facilities/vla/docs/manuals/oss/performance/fdscale |accessdate=15 May 2016}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Quasars]]
[[Category:3C objects|048]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1960]]

3C 48 - Revision history

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