http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=DeHilsterNatural Philosophy Wiki - User contributions [en]2026-04-09T19:48:59ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.0http://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288039NLP++2025-07-04T17:25:36Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .dict, .kbb, .txxt<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Content on this page is licensed under the [https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Creative Commons CC0 Waivers]. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288038NLP++2025-06-29T13:13:42Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .dict, .kbb, .txxt<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Content on this page is licensed under the [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)]. You are free to share and adapt the material, provided appropriate credit is given.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288037NLP++2025-06-29T13:00:24Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Content on this page is licensed under the [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)]. You are free to share and adapt the material, provided appropriate credit is given.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288036NLP++2025-06-29T12:50:29Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Content on this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). You are free to share and adapt the material, provided appropriate credit is given.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288035NLP++2025-06-29T12:50:17Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Content on this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). You are free to share and adapt the material, provided appropriate credit is given.'''<br />
<br />
<br />
'''COPYRIGHT UNDER THE CREATIVE COMMONS: This entire page and its text and image content are bound by the copyright license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International and GNU Free Documentation License (unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts). Any and all of it can be freely used.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=288034NLP++2025-06-29T12:33:37Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''COPYRIGHT UNDER THE CREATIVE COMMONS: This entire page and its text and image content are bound by the copyright license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International and GNU Free Documentation License (unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts). Any and all of it can be freely used.'''<br />
<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288033David de Hilster2025-02-04T12:00:58Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. He is best known for for being the co-author of the computer programming language [[NLP++]] and VisualText, a computer programming language in the are of artificial intelligence.<br />
<br />
His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, David became an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University at their Miami campus. He is currently teaching database management to master's students in the Multidisciplinary Engineering department and is currently co-authoring several papers in NLP.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. David was hired for his extensive industry experience in NLP and is working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* Association for Computational Linguistics<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288032David de Hilster2025-02-04T11:32:09Z<p>DeHilster: /* Societies and Associations */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, David became an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University at their Miami campus. He is currently teaching database management to master's students in the Multidisciplinary Engineering department and is currently co-authoring several papers in NLP.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. David was hired for his extensive industry experience in NLP and is working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* Association for Computational Linguistics<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288031David de Hilster2025-02-03T00:07:15Z<p>DeHilster: /* Current Scientific Work */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, David became an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University at their Miami campus. He is currently teaching database management to master's students in the Multidisciplinary Engineering department and is currently co-authoring several papers in NLP.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. David was hired for his extensive industry experience in NLP and is working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288030David de Hilster2025-02-02T03:14:02Z<p>DeHilster: /* Artificial Intelligence Work */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, David became an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University at their Miami campus. He is currently teaching database management to master's students in the Multidisciplinary Engineering department and is currently co-authoring several papers in NLP.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. David was hired for his extensive industry experience in NLP and is working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288029David de Hilster2025-02-02T03:13:01Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Background */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, David became an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University at their Miami campus. He is currently teaching database management to master's students in the Multidisciplinary Engineering department and is currently co-authoring several papers in NLP.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. He is also working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288028David de Hilster2025-02-02T03:10:41Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[AI]], [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. He is also working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=288027David de Hilster2025-02-02T03:09:41Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, professor, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
In January of 2025, de Hilster joined Northeastern University as an adjunct professor teaching database management to master's students at the Miami campus. He is also working on several papers on NLP.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David worked in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] for over 8 years specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278727David de Hilster2024-11-04T22:53:58Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Background */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. The CEO revealed it was de Hilster’s work that had inspired the resume processing company he started. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278726David de Hilster2024-11-04T22:46:05Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Background */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India], and to the computer department at Central Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278725David de Hilster2024-11-04T22:44:38Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Background */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987.<br />
<br />
De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278724NLP++2024-11-03T17:08:48Z<p>DeHilster: /* Analyzer Sequence */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that the combinatoric traversing of full grammars.<br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278723NLP++2024-11-03T17:07:01Z<p>DeHilster: /* Analyzer Sequence */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that traversing complex grammar trees. <br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278722NLP++2024-11-03T17:03:11Z<p>DeHilster: /* Analyzer Sequence */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
This facilitates bottom-up, island-driven parsing which is much more efficient that traversing complex grammar trees. <br />
<br />
The analyzer sequence is contained in the file "analyzer.seq". Here is the analyzer sequence for a date-time analyzer:<br />
<br />
```<br />
dicttokz nil<br />
nlp init <br />
nlp KBFuncs <br />
nlp funcs <br />
nlp LinesDictTokZ <br />
nlp numbers <br />
nlp ordinals <br />
nlp times <br />
nlp zulu <br />
nlp timePhrases <br />
nlp dates <br />
nlp datesDay <br />
nlp dateTime <br />
nlp datePhrases <br />
nlp splice <br />
nlp kb <br />
nlp output <br />
```<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:AnalyzerSequence.png&diff=278721File:AnalyzerSequence.png2024-11-03T16:55:37Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278720NLP++2024-11-03T16:55:15Z<p>DeHilster: /* Analyzer Sequence */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
[[File:AnalyzerSequence.png|thumb|Analyzer sequence display of the full English parser written by Amnon Meyers]]<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278719NLP++2024-11-03T16:48:46Z<p>DeHilster: /* User Functions */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== Analyzer Sequence ====<br />
The analyzer sequence in NLP++ is a linear pipeline of executed NLP++ code. This code can contain rules, function declarations, or pure NLP++ code.<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278718NLP++2024-10-24T06:40:09Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Linux, Windows, Mac<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .dict, .kbb .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278717NLP++2024-10-24T06:28:35Z<p>DeHilster: /* VSCode Language Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The NLP++ Language uses human readable files for dictionaries, knowledge bases, the syntactic tree, and for the NLP++ computer language:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp (.pat legacy)<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The legacy files use the .pat (pattern) extension and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.tree<br />
|Tree files that display the current syntactic tree for a give pass<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Human readable Conceptual Grammar files (kbb = knowledge base beautiful files)<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Human readable dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass<br />
|-<br />
|.kb (legacy)<br />
|Legacy files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++. Except for some bootstrapping language files, these have been replaced by the more human-readable kbb files.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278716NLP++2024-10-24T06:18:54Z<p>DeHilster: /* Built In Functions */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
* Database Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278715NLP++2024-10-24T06:17:35Z<p>DeHilster: /* Command Line Executable */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available for all three platforms in GitHub including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278714NLP++2024-10-24T06:16:45Z<p>DeHilster: /* NLP Engine */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available on all three platforms including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278713NLP++2024-10-24T06:15:50Z<p>DeHilster: /* NLPPlus Python Package */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available on all three platforms including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== Python Package and Class ====<br />
A python package and class are available for the NLP Engine.<br />
<br />
The NLPPlus Python Package integrates the NLP Engine's C++ code directly into a an Python Package and is the most efficient use of the NLP Engine when using Python. The NLPPlus Python Package is a package file that can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
There is also a simple NLP Engine Python Class that is available that calls the NLP Engine as an command line executable that is less efficient than the NLPPlus Python Package. This is found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/python python repository] under the VisualText github main repository.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278712NLP++2024-10-24T06:06:00Z<p>DeHilster: /* Open Source */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open-source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode.<br />
<br />
==== Command Line Executable ====<br />
The NLP Engine in the form of a command line executable called "nlp.exe" is available on all three platforms including [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-linux Linux], [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-windows Windows], and [https://github.com/VisualText/nlp-engine-mac MacOS]. The nlp.exe file is accompanied by two ICU (International Components for Unicode) allowing the engine to deal with Unicode languages including emojis.<br />
<br />
==== NLPPlus Python Package ====<br />
A python package that calls the NLP Engine was released in 2024. It can be downloaded from the VisualText github library [https://github.com/VisualText/py-package-nlpengine py-package-nlpengine] and installed using pip. It is not yet available as an official python package on pypip.org due to the backlog of approving new organizations for python packages.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278711NLP++2024-10-24T05:37:14Z<p>DeHilster: /* External links */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://nluglob.org The Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278710NLP++2024-10-24T05:35:36Z<p>DeHilster: /* VSCode Language Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|.dict<br />
|Dictionary files that are looked up during the initial tokenization pass.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278709NLP++2024-10-24T04:03:48Z<p>DeHilster: /* Regions */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to match the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278708NLP++2024-10-24T04:02:21Z<p>DeHilster: /* Regions */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of preprocessing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to make the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278707NLP++2024-10-23T22:48:53Z<p>DeHilster: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to make the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 Paper: [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 Paper: [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 Paper: [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W 0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 Masters Thesis: [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
----------------------<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAewDHdPaYo 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Digital Human Readers Making History with NLP++ and HPCC Systems<br />
* 2023 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQk_PsX6l0w 2023 HPCC Systems Community Summit: Building Trustworthy and Auditable Digital Human Readers]<br />
* 2024 YouTube Presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESAizu4KvSY 2024 HPCC Systems Summit: Using NLP++ to build a Brazilian address cleaner]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=NLP%2B%2B&diff=278706NLP++2024-10-23T22:34:09Z<p>DeHilster: /* External links */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox programming language<br />
| name = NLP++<br />
| logo = File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png<br />
| logo caption = The NLP++ Logo<br />
| logo size = 150px<br />
| paradigms = [[Natural Language Processing]]<br />
| designer = [[Amnon Meyers]] [[David de Hilster]]<br />
| developer = Text Analysis International<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998}}<br />
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2020|11|15|df=yes}}<br />
| platform = [[Cross Platform]]<br />
| operating system = Most major<br />
| file ext = .nlp, .pat, .seq, .txxt, .kb<br />
| turing-complete = Yes<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.visualtext.com}}<br />
}}<br />
'''NLP++''' is a computer programming language for natural language processing created by [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] in 1998 based on a cognitive model of how humans read and understand natural language. It operates on an input text via multiple passes that elaborate a best-first parse tree. It can access and update a hierarchical knowledge base management system (KBMS) called [[Conceptual Grammar]] (CG). NLP++ and CG deploy with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) called [[VisualText]], which supports rapid development of text analyzers. NLP++ is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to [[natural language processing]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
NLP++ is a computer language dedicated to building natural language text analyzers. It allows programmers to capture and apply linguistic and world knowledge, emulating processes by which humans read and understand text. NLP++ combines bottom up, island-driven, recursive grammar, and other methods in a multi-pass architecture that operates on one parse tree. It works with a hierarchical knowledge base (KB), called Conceptual Grammar (CG), to dynamically build and use stored knowledge in analyzing text. Applications range from simple syntactic processing to full natural language understanding. VisualText is a developer's environment that exploits NLP++ and CG to rapidly elaborate text analyzers. Passes and KBs from one analyzer may be exploited to more rapidly construct and tailor new text analyzers.<br />
<br />
=== NLP++ ===<br />
NLP++ is a computer language that takes text, breaks it down into tokens, builds up those tokens into syntactic trees, and builds and uses knowledge stored in Conceptual Grammar. The language includes functions, rules, operators, and variables specific to its internal representations of text and knowledge. NLP++ comprises general C or C++-lke programming language constructs, as well as integrally addressing rule matches and the associated knowledge base.<br />
<br />
==== Variables ====<br />
Variables are written with a single letter and a string name. Special variable types in NLP++ apply to specific contexts.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Variable<br />
!Description<br />
!Example<br />
!Scope<br />
|-<br />
|N<br />
|Specific node<br />
|N("$text",2)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|S<br />
|Suggested node<br />
|S("count")<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|X<br />
|Context node and level<br />
|X("concept",3)<br />
|Rules<br />
|-<br />
|G<br />
|Global variable<br />
|G("People")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|-<br />
|L<br />
|Local variable<br />
|L("num")<br />
|Rules & Functions<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Regions ====<br />
There are numerous regions in NLP++ files: <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Region<br />
!Description<br />
!Position and Scope<br />
|-<br />
|@NODES<br />
|Specifies the nodes to be matched in the @RULES region<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PATH<br />
|Specifies a specific path in the syntax tree to match<br />
|Comes before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CODE<br />
|Specifies a region where NLP++ code is executed outside of a @RULES region<br />
|Region ends with @@CODE<br />
|-<br />
|@DECL<br />
|Declarative area for functions<br />
|Region ends with @@DECL<br />
|-<br />
|@POST<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@PRE<br />
|Specifies a region of post processing for a rule or rules<br />
|Comes right before the @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@CHECK<br />
|Specifies certain conditions on rule nodes before trying to make the rule<br />
|Comes right before the @POST or @RULES region<br />
|-<br />
|@RULES<br />
|Specifies a region for rules<br />
|Region ends with @@<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Rules ====<br />
NLP++ has rules for pattern matching. A rule is written in the form of "@RULES _node <- a b c @@" where "<-" where a, b, and c are match and put under the new node "_node". Here is an example of a rule.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nlp"><br />
@POST<br />
S("count") = N("$text",2);<br />
S("concept") = makeconcept(G("Counts"),N("$text",1));<br />
single();<br />
<br />
@RULES<br />
_count <-<br />
_xALPHA [s] ### (1)<br />
_xNUM [s] ### (2)<br />
@@<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
==== Built In Functions ====<br />
NLP++ has built in functions for the following areas:<br />
* Database Functions<br />
* Formatting and I/O Functions<br />
* Knowledge Base Functions<br />
* Math Functions<br />
* Parse Tree Functions<br />
* Special Functions<br />
* Spelling Functions<br />
* String Functions<br />
* Web Functions<br />
<br />
==== User Functions ====<br />
NLP++ allows the user to create their own functions in the @@DECL area. These functions can access the syntactic tree and any part of the knowledge base, as well as files on the system.<br />
<br />
=== Conceptual Grammar ===<br />
The conceptual grammar is a hierarchical knowledge base that can be imported and used by NLP++ and also created by NLP++ code and pattern matching. The hierarchy contains concepts and concepts can have attributes and phrases attached to them.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
[[File:VisualText2IDE.png|thumb|VisualText version 2 for Windows]]<br />
VisualText is an [[IDE]] that is specifically built to edit, run, and debug NLP++ text analyzers. It includes a text director of texts to process, a special editor for NLP++, text highlighting of matching rules for each sequential pass of rule patterns, and tree visualizations for the syntactic tree as well as the hierarchical knowledge base. It also has the ability to quickly generate rules directly from text.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The roots of NLP++ come from its two creators, [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]] who are computer programmers working in the area of [[natural language processing]] since the early 1980s.<br />
<br />
=== Amnon Meyers ===<br />
Amnon Meyers got his MS in Computer Science UC Berkeley, MS in Organic Chemistry UC Berkeley, and a BS in biology MIT. Amnon spent over a decade in aerospace NLP R&D (McDonnell Douglas & TRW) in the artificial intelligence groups developing VOX and the conceptual grammar which was developed in LISP. Amnon worked for 5 years at UC Irvine AI Lab on DARPA/Navy projects. In 1997, Amnon secured funding from friends and family to state Text Analysis International in order to create a computer programming language and IDE for creating natural language processing systems.<br />
<br />
=== David de Hilster ===<br />
David de Hilster got his BS in mathematics and MA in linguistics from the Ohio Statue University. De Hilster first developed island-driven pattern matching rules first in LISP on Xerox 1108 machines at [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in their artificial intelligence group. He then worked in C for the commercial product called NLQuery from [[Battelle Memorial Institute]]. In the late 1980s, de Hilster developed Verbo, a natural language query system for databases in Portuguese while living in working in Rio de Janeiro Brazil.<br />
<br />
=== Collaboration ===<br />
In 1990, David de Hilster was hired into the Artificial Intelligence group at McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California where he met Amnon and was tasked to move Amnon's Vox program to C++. The two collaborated, combining the island-driven parsing with the conceptual grammar and coming up with TexUS. Their system was used in the Message Understanding Conferences sponsored by Darp in the early 1990s and they placed third among the participants which included [[MIT]], [[SRI]], [[Carnegie Mellon]] among others.<br />
<br />
In the mid 1990s, the two moved to the Artificial Intelligence Group at Space Park at TRW where the two continued their collaboration, with de Hilster's work inspiring the creation of a new company ISearch which electronically processed resumes. In 1997, de Hilster was hired by ISearch to move their text processing system to the C language.<br />
<br />
In 1998, Meyers secured funding from friends and family to start Text Analysis International which eventually lured de Hilster to join where the two created and formalized NLP++ and VisualText. The idea was to formalize a computer language that incorporated the pattern matching of de Hilster's, with the Conceptual Grammar knowledge base from Meyers, along with an [[integrated development environment]] specifically tailored to NLP++, its tree structures, and its knowledge base.<br />
<br />
For the two decades, the technology was privately owned and was licensed by private companies to process medial, social media, historical documents, and real estate text.<br />
<br />
== Open Source ==<br />
[[File:VSCodeNLP.jpg|thumb|VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]]<br />
In December of 2018, NLP++ and VisualText went open source. The company Text Analysis International was dissolved by and it was moved to an open source MIT licensed repository by creators [[Amnon Meyers]] and [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
=== NLP Engine ===<br />
The NLP engine is a C++ class and executable that can called by other languages that can call c++ libraries or call the nlp.exe executable. It currently compiles on Linux and will be available on windows and Mac Os in the near future. The nlp.exe executable is called by the NLP++ Language Extension for VScode.<br />
<br />
=== VisualText ===<br />
All versions of VisualText are now also open source. Version 2 and 3 are no longer supported but heavily used (almost exclusively Version 2). The new VSCode Extension version will be the supported version of the IDE and runs on windows, macs, and Linux.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Version ====<br />
The C++ code for Version 2 and 3 of VisualText are now open source but they are currently unsupported. They both use commercial C++ libraries from CodeJock making future support in the open source world impossible.<br />
The downloads are still available from the [http://visualtext.org VisualText website]. Version 3 is also available but was never completed and is not 100 percent functional.<br />
<br />
==== VSCode Language Extension ====<br />
VisualText IDE is now ported to [[VSCode]] as a language extension which runs cross platform. This is now considered to be the current version of the IDE and will continue to be developed and enhanced. It was officially released as a Microsoft VSCode Language Extension on December 22, 2020 whose source code can be found in the [https://github.com/VisualText/vscode-nlp VSCode-NLP repository] on GitHub.<br />
<br />
The output of the nlp.exe engine and the NLP++ Language Extension for VSCode produce a number of special files for analyzer development. Those files are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!File Extension<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|.nlp or .pat<br />
|Files containing NLP++ code. The original files are .pat files and are the only files understood by the windows versions of the VisualText IDE.<br />
|-<br />
|.seq<br />
|The analyzer sequence file that store the calling order of the sequence of nlp++ files<br />
|-<br />
|.txxt<br />
|Rules matching highlight files containing double square or curly brackets around matched words and phrases (new to the VSCode NLP++ Language Extension)<br />
|-<br />
|.kb<br />
|Files dumped by the built-in function kbdumptree which is used to save and read in knowledge bases by NLP++<br />
|-<br />
|.kbb<br />
|Conceptual Grammar files with the knowledge pretty-printed for inspection during development<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The long-term plan is to take ownership of the .nlp extension for NLP++ given it is the only computer language exclusively dedicated to natural languaage.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/VisualText Github open source repository]<br />
* [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dehilster.nlp VSCode NLP++ Language Extension]<br />
* [http://www.visualtext.org Official website]<br />
* [http://www.textanalysis.com Legacy website]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* 2023 [https://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/TN_WG_404_1987_45438.pdf Emotions Detection in Social Media Posts]<br />
* 2024 [https://ijai.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAI/article/view/24303 Enhancing the English natural language processing dictionary using NLP++]<br />
* 2004 [https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/icbda/2024/10607199/1Z05W0PZF8A Scalable Analysis of English Dictionary Files on HPCC Systems Big Data Platform]<br />
* 2024 [https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.45.pdf Master's Thesis by Ashton Williamson (Clemson University): Low-resource ICD Coding of Hospital Discharge Summaries]<br />
<br />
[[Category:American inventions]]<br />
[[Category:Articles with example code]]<br />
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]<br />
[[Category:Procedural programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Structured programming languages]]<br />
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1998]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278703David de Hilster2024-05-10T20:45:10Z<p>DeHilster: /* Artificial Intelligence Work */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
[[File:NLPppLogo-150x150.png|thumb|300px|[http://visualtext.org Computer language] co-invented by David de Hilster and Amnon Meyers]]]<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278702David de Hilster2024-05-01T13:49:24Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] and is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and theoretical physics. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278701David de Hilster2024-05-01T13:47:06Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist]. De Hilster is most known for his work in artificial intelligence and physics theory. His interest in physics theory started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278700David de Hilster2024-04-30T18:35:43Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] the later of which, started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
In 1998, while working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language [[http://visualtext.org NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar]]. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
The company called Text Analysis International (TAI) eventually launched its technology in the early 2000s during the dot com crash which limited its market. Even with the limited market, the technology did find success in the first decade of the 2000s with companies like IBM in the UK and NASDAQ using the technology. In 2013, TAI eventually launched the NLP Cloud using the NLP++ technology and had a number of customers.<br />
<br />
De Hilster eventually got a job at LexisNexis where he became part of the HPCC Supercomputing Platform where he developed the NLP++ technology further creating the NLP Engine and the NLP++ extension for VSCode. De Hilster also was mentor to a half a dozen student interns who built NLP++ analyzers for Nepali, Tamil, resumes, and two sentiment analyzers to name a few. In 2024, the first computer science master's degree using the technology was completed using NLP++ to process medical text.<br />
<br />
De Hilster has given lectures on NLP++ at several universities including Clemson, the University of Central Oklahoma, and RVCE University in India. De Hilster is the chair of the [[http://nluglob.org Natural Language Understanding Global Initiative]] whose goal is to pass linguistic and world knowledge to computers.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278699David de Hilster2024-04-30T18:20:07Z<p>DeHilster: /* Artistic and Scientific Work */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] the later of which, started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Dissident Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
While working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278698David de Hilster2024-04-30T18:19:33Z<p>DeHilster: /* Artificial Intelligence Work */</p>
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<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] the later of which, started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
In 1987, de Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
In 1990, after marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++. There, de Hilster participated with Amnon Meyers in the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC) put on by DARPA where the best minds in the United States got together to test computer systems to read and extract information from newspaper articles. The pair placed third in the competition and their work eventually would show up in their new programming language NLP++ later in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
Meyers and de Hilster later moved to the artificial intelligence group at TRW in Space Park in Redondo Beach California where de Hilster continued to work on natural language systems. One of those people who saw de Hilster's work was inspired to start a company processing resumes which eventually lured de Hilster away to convert the REGEX system to a system in C++ using de Hilster's own rule-based systems. The resume system processed up to 8000 resumes a day.<br />
<br />
While working at this company, de Hilster was lured away again, this time to join forces with Amnon Meyers who had started a natural language processing company. There de Hilster and Meyers created the computer programming language NLP++, VisualText, which also included Amnon's conceptual grammar. This natural language processing development environment came from their separate and collaborative work the decades before.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278697David de Hilster2024-04-30T18:10:06Z<p>DeHilster: /* Artificial Intelligence Work */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] the later of which, started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
De Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa because of his specialization being not found in Brazil at the time. He continued his work on creating natural language interfaces to databases, this time in Portuguese where he created an interface to a database about the best soccer players in the world cup.<br />
<br />
After marrying his current wife Doris in Brazil, de Hilster landed a job at McDonnell Douglas in their artificial intelligence group to help Amnon Meyers convert a natural language processing system to the computer language C++.<br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=David_de_Hilster&diff=278696David de Hilster2024-04-30T18:06:34Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = David de Hilster<br />
| image = DaviddeHilster2016.jpg<br />
| alt = David de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|11|13|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Supercomputers]], [[Artist]], [[Filmmaker]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[NLP++]], [[Particle Model]], [[Light]], [[Neomechanics]], [[Expansion Tectonics]], [[Autodynamics]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is an American [http://www.visualtext.org computer scientist], mathematician, [http://www.dehilster.com artist], [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09CGMSPXX author], [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/ filmmaker], [http://samba.dehilster.com musician], [http://forks.dehilster.com vegan], and [http://www.dissidentscience.com dissident scientist] the later of which, started with his meeting and working with Argentinian physicist [[Ricardo Carezani|Dr. Ricardo Carezani]] in 1992 who showed Einstein's [[Special relativity|Special theory of Relativity]] wrong in the early 1940s. David is currently president and co-founder of the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] and is co-author of a book with his father [[Bob de Hilster]] on their [[Particle Model]] entitled "[[Principia Mathematica 2]]" which claims to be the first complete physical model of the entire universe that is based on Newtonian laws and having no math, with a second book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] coming out in 2024 on the topic. As a scientist, de Hilster has worked in as a researcher in artificial intelligence, natural language processing for over 30 years and is co-author of a computer language [[NLP++]] and IDE for human language called [http://www.visualtext.org NLP++ and VisualText].<br />
<br />
De Hilster has been involved with the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (CNPS) (formerly the [[NPA]]) for over two decades acting as webmaster, conference director, and now president of the non-profit organization. He also helped found the [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]], founded in 1994, promoting the work of Dr. Ricardo Carezani. He is also co-founder of the [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Database], the [http://wiki.naturalphilosophy.org Natural Philosophy Wiki], and more recently laid the foundation for the online [http://university.naturalphilosophy.org University of Natural Philosophy]. De Hilster also produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In May 2017, David started the [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube Channel] where he has over 4000 subscribers world-wide. De Hilster is also the editor and chief and founder of the online web magazine [http://www.beyondmainstream.org Beyond Mainstream Science].<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has a bachelor's degree in mathematics with a minor in architecture from the Ohio State University. He holds a master's degree in Linguistics from Ohio State University specifically in the area of computational linguistics or natural language process - getting computers to understand human language.<br />
<br />
==Professional Background==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster has been a computer scientist in the area of artificial intelligence and natural language processing working for research institutions and groups in private industry and aerospace. He worked for Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus Ohio while still in graduate school at the Ohio State University from 1984-1987. De Hilster moved to Rio de Janeiro Brazil and worked in as a programmer for a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese for the company Tecsis from 1987-1990. David married Brazilian clothes designer Doris and they moved back to the United States where de Hilster got a job in the artificial intelligence laboratory in for McDonnell Douglas in Huntington Beach California from 1990-1994. David then moved to the artificial intelligence group at Space Park in Redondo Beach California where he worked for TRW developing software which was eventually picked up and used by a new startup company I-Search who eventually hired him away. In 1999, David became one of the creators of the software programming environment Visual Text (c) and co-author of the computer language [[NLP++]] for the new startup company Text Analysis International.<br />
<br />
Since December of 2014, David de Hilster has been working at LexisNexis in Boca Raton Florida and in 2016, became a member of the architecture team in the supercomputing research group. In 2018, David and Amnon Meyers make NLP++ open source project and the technology is now free for all to use. David has been working with interns from LexisNexis on projects with NLP++ and is currently working on integrating and using [http://hpcc.visualtext.org NLP++ with HPCC Systems]. David has given [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jimKjjVgM50&list=PLrRF6oTCn26D5un09T258nDeV8uylD-fl&pp=iAQB talks on NLP++ at Clemson University as well as the RVSE University in India].<br />
<br />
==Early Life==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster was born in Ann Arbor Michigan on Friday, November 13th, 1959 to [[Robert de Hilster|Robert]] and Patricia de Hilster while Robert was studying physics at the University of Michigan. David grew up in Galion Ohio and in 1970 at the age of 10, moved to Worthington Ohio where he attended middle school and high school during which he played trumpet and majored in seven subject areas. In 1977, he attended The Ohio State University majoring in Architecture where he was the top student in his class. In 1980, de Hilster studied at New College Oxford England during the summer and having dated a Brazilian in the United States before the trip, went to Rio de Janeiro where he fell in love with the culture and music. Later in 1980, de Hilster contracted a rare intestinal disease coming within hours from dying which changed his outlook and direction direction in life. David began to "live more" as he describes it while still managing a heavy work and study level switching his major to mathematics.<br />
<br />
In 1980, David enrolled in a Portuguese class where he met a linguistics professor who persuaded him to enter the linguistics department to study human language and computers. While teaching undergraduate linguistics and earning his masters degree, David began working in the artificial intelligence lab at Battelle Memorial Institute using Xero 1108 Lisp machines writing computer programs to understand written language. After graduating from Ohio State University with a Master of Arts in Linguistics, David was hired into the AI department to work on a natural language interface to databases using the language "c".<br />
<br />
In March of 1987 after finishing the project, David sold everything and moved to Rio de Janeiro where after 3 months, he was hired by a Brazilian company to create Verbo, a natural language interface to databases in Portuguese. In 1988, he met his future wife through a rock climbing club and was married in 1989.<br />
<br />
==Artistic and Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:DorisPortraitByDdeilster.jpg|thumb|300px|[http://dehilster.com Pencil drawing by David de Hilster] from a live sitting of David's wife [http://wiki.worldsamba.org/index.php?title=Doris_de_Hilster Doris de Hilster]]]<br />
At the end of 1989, he moved back to the United States and was hired by the Artificial Intelligence department in Huntington Beach California to convert a natural language program from LISP to the language "c". There he met Amnon Meyers with whom he would collaborate for decades to come.<br />
<br />
1990, David started to [http://www.dehilster.com/home/portfolio/ paint and draw professionally] and was accepted into the young artist gallery of the Los Angeles Country Museum of Art. David painted in the evening and weekends, working in artificial intelligence during the week. In 1992, David moved to Long Beach California into a artist loft where he had his first exhibition. De Hilster went on to be one of the most successful artists in the gallery selling painting, and having some of the largest waiting lists for pieces in the gallery. He also continues to sell his works with private collectors.<br />
<br />
It was also in this year when he met Argentinian physics Dr. [[Ricardo Carezani]] who was looking for someone to help spread the word about his work showing Einstein's special relativity wrong. David read his work and started putting the work on the internet in April of 1995.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David found the [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]] and attended their 3rd annual conference in Flagstaff Arizona and joined the group to champion Dr. Carezani's work. There he met many influential scientists which were to eventually contribute to his work on the [[Particle Model]] with his father.<br />
<br />
In 2005, David raised money to shoot the film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] which was a feature-length documentary where David took his mother Patricia around the country to meet scientists working outside the mainstream who were disputing Einstein, the big bang, and plate tectonics. The film was finished by the end of 2013 and in 2014 was submitted to over 80 film festivals world wide. The film made it into the final groups but was cut and never shown in a film festival because of its controversial subject.<br />
<br />
In 2008, David started to become more involved with the NPA creating a new website and writing custom software for managing the group world-wide. In 2014 he was part of a group that moved 95% of the NPA membership to start a new organization called the [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] of which he became president in 2015.<br />
<br />
== Film Work ==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
De Hilster produced and directed the feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] starting filming in the year 2005, completing 2014. In 2005, the 100th year aniversary of Einstein's "miracle year", David secured initial seed money for a documentary film entitled "Einstein Wrong" from the late [[Ron Hatch]] who was an authority on GPS and who agree that Einstein's theory of relativity was flawed. After securing full financial backing from fellow scientists, David went around the country with his mother, exposing her to the world where critical thinkers were showing that the theory of relativity and other mainstream theories had major flaws. The documentary took 8 years to complete and premiered at the Arts Theater in Long Beach California on December 7, 2013. Although general audiences like the film, the film didn't make it into any of the 80 film festivals it was sent to because of its controversial nature although it made it into the finals of several film festivals. The documentary can be seen on demand online at Vimeo: [https://vimeo.com/87879033 Einstein Wrong]. Link to the film on [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ IMDb].<br />
<br />
== Brazilian Work and Involvement ==<br />
In 1994, David started [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] in Long Beach California in order to form a community for his wife who was homesick for her native Brazil. David put the samba school on the internet in April of 1995 and two years later, created the World Samba Homepage, a cyber gathering place for samba groups around the world. In 1998, David started a plan for all samba groups around the world to meet in Rio for the new millenium to parade. He hooked up with Alessandra Pirotelli and they created the world-wide project Unidos do Mundo which was sponsored by the Brazilian government where samba musicians and dancers from 19 countries paraded with Brazilians in the Sambadrome. David became the first non-portuguese speaking singer to sing in the fabled Sambadrome in Rio.<br />
<br />
In 1996, David started the Brazilian Street Carnaval in Long Beach which created an all-day event with a Brazilian parade, stage shows, and food and cultural booths. This event persisted through 2010. In 2011, the Brazilian Consulate of Los Angeles asked David and his wife to take over the Brazilian Day in Los Angeles which they ran for 3 consecutive years.<br />
<br />
In 2014, David and his family moved to Boca Raton Florida and in 2015, they moved SambaLa Samba School to southern Florida where it gained a new group of members which paraded over 150 people in Boca Raton and Pompano Beach Florida. Doris and David also opened up a dance and music studio in Pompano Beach where they continue their Brazilian community work.<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence Work==<br />
<br />
De Hilster's area of expertise is in computer science, specifically in the area artificial intelligence, natural language processing. De Hilster received his bachelor's of science degree in mathematics and his masters degree in Linguistics given there were no degrees in artificial intelligence or natural language processing at Ohio State University at the time. De Hilster worked at Battelle Memorial Institute during his graduate years eventually landing a job in natural language processing at that same company after graduation, working on a natural language interface to databases.<br />
<br />
De Hilster then moved to Rio de Janeiro where he landed a job in natural language processing, securing a working visa <br />
<br />
==Current Scientific Work==<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
David is working in the supercomputing architecture group at [[https://risk.lexisnexis.com/ LexisNexis]] specializing in user interfaces and [http://www.visualtext.org natural language processing] (understanding the written word).<br />
<br />
David also helps organize annual conferences for the [[CNPS]] as well as continues to develop the organization's marketing strategy as well as growing its website presence.<br />
<br />
David's current passion is his work with his father on what they claim is the first complete physical model of the known universe in the [[Particle Model]] in their book [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2]. They are coming out with a second book "[[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" in 2024 and are part of a documentary film by Javier Perez who is documenting this unique father-son science team.<br />
<br />
In May, 2017, David de Hilster started a new [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com Dissident Science YouTube] Channel with daily video messages ranging from 4-9 minutes in length covering topics like relativity, the big bang, plate tectonics, natural philosophy, and criticizing mainstream media writers and personalities.<br />
<br />
In addition, de Hilster's professional work involves research into using the computer language he helped develop to create computer programs that use human knowledge to read and extract information out of free text.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Personal Life==<br />
David currently resides in Boca Raton Florida with his wife Doris de Hilster who is a clothes designer and business owner. He has one child [http://luanda.dehilster.com Luanda] (2005) with Doris who is an up and coming musical Theatre actress. David is a self described vegan since 2013 who has [http://forks.dehilster.com reversed his heart disease and allergies eating a whole plant based diet] which he continues to this day.<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
David de Hilster is a member or founder of the following societies and associations:<br />
<br />
* [[Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]] (Founder)<br />
* [[John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]] (President & Co-Founder 2015 - present)<br />
* [http://www.documentary.org/ International Documentary Association] (2004 - 2015)<br />
* [http://www.sambala.org SambaLa Samba School] (President & founder)<br />
* [http://www.unidosdomundo.com Unidos do Mundo] (co-founder)<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3380298/ "Einstein Wrong" documentary page on IMDB] David's documentary film on IMDB<br />
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2031289/?ref_=tt_ov_dr IMDB] David's bio on IMDB<br />
* [http://www.principiamathematica2.com http://www.principiamathematica2.com] David's book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.fourmotions.org http://www.fourmotions.org] David's new book co-written with his father [[Bob de Hilster]]<br />
* [http://www.dehilster.com http://www.dehilster.com ] Official Blog of David de Hilster<br />
* [http://youtube.dissidentscience.com http://youtube.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science YouTube Channel<br />
* [http://www.dissidentscience.com http://www.dissidentscience.com] Dissident Science Website<br />
* [http://www.einsteinwrong.com http://www.einsteinwrong.com] Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year<br />
* [http://www.beyondmainstream.org http://www.beyondmainstream.org] Beyond Mainstream for Critical Thinkers<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org http://www.autodynamics.org] Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics<br />
* [http://db.naturalphilosophy.org http://db.naturalphilosophy.org] World Science Database<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2015-Present - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[Bob de Hilster]])<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2016 - "[[Earth Expansion Major Objections Solved]]" <br />
* 2016 - "[[Physical Explanation for Greater Earth Expansion in the Southern Hemisphere]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2013 - "[[No God Particle Renders Particle Accelerators Useless]]" <br />
* 2012 - "[[Consensus in Science is Wrong]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6587.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[The Neutrino: Doomed from Inception]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6157.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[Carezani Frame Reduction]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_283.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Growing Earth]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_72.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]" <br />
* 2007 - "[[NeWiki: An Encylopedia for a New World ]]" <br />
* 1996 - "[[Autodynamics: a Comprehensive Replacement for Special Relativity]]" <br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2014 - [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] (Video Documentary)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/UABe5oiYUCU Consensus in Science is Wrong] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2012 - [http://youtu.be/P38eReiw7LU Global Expansion Tectonics: A Significant Challenge for Physics] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://intalek.com/AV/VNN/VortexNetworkNewsHour/06-19-2010-VNN.mp3 17th NPA Conference in Long Beach - June 23 - 26] (Audio Radio)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_276_dimdim.flv Expansion Tectonics Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_232_dimdim.flv Debate Test for Special Relativity] (Video Other)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_159_dimdim.flv Friendly Advice for Dissidents] (Video Lecture)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Expansion Tectonics|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster David]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster David]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278695Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:42:21Z<p>DeHilster: /* Wave-Particle Duality */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality==<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles. Robert proposed that light is made of waves of particles traveling together at the speed of light like waves of bombers. This allows not only for a frequency, but for intensities for light waves. This became one of the four universal motions in physics as described by Robert and his son David which first appeared in their book [[Principia Mathematica 2]].<br />
<br />
[[File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.png|500px|center| Robert de Hilster's solution to the wave-particle duality.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278694Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:38:05Z<p>DeHilster: /* Wave-Particle Duality */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality==<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles. This became one of the four universal motions in physics as described by Robert and his son David which first appeared in their book [[Principia Mathematica 2]].<br />
<br />
[[File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.png|500px|center| Robert de Hilster's solution to the wave-particle duality.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Example_FourMotionsLuminicWave.png&diff=278693File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.png2024-04-16T14:31:11Z<p>DeHilster: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278692Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:30:46Z<p>DeHilster: /* Wave-Particle Duality */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality==<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles. This became one of the four universal motions in physics as described by Robert and his son David which first appeared in their book [[Principia Mathematica 2]].<br />
<br />
<div style="float:left;">[[File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.png | thumb | Robert de Hilster's solution to the wave-particle duality.]]</div><br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278691Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:23:28Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Career */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality==<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles. This became one of the four universal motions in physics as described by Robert and his son David which first appeared in their book [[Principia Mathematica 2]].<br />
<br />
<div style="float:left;">[[File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.jpg | thumb | Robert de Hilster's solution to the wave-particle duality.]]</div><br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278690Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:21:59Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Career */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality==it<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles. This became one of the four universal motions in physics as described by Robert and his son David which first appeared in their book [[Principia Mathematica 2]].<br />
<br />
[[File:Example FourMotionsLuminicWave.jpg | thumb | Robert de Hilster's solution to the wave-particle duality.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilsterhttp://naturalphilosophy.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bob_de_Hilster&diff=278689Bob de Hilster2024-04-16T14:17:35Z<p>DeHilster: /* Professional Career */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox scientist<br />
| name = Bob de Hilster<br />
| image = Bob de Hilster 39.jpg<br />
| alt = Bob de Hilster<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1937|08|21|mf=y}}<br />
| fields = [[Electrical Engineer]]<br />
| residence = Boca Raton, FL, United States<br />
| nationality = USA<br />
| known_for = [[Particle Model]], [[Gravity]], [[Light]], [[Electricity]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Robert de Hilster is an Amercian scientist and retired electrical engineer best known for his work on [[The Particle Model]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] and his solution to the wave-particle duality in light. He was also one of the main personalities in his son's feature-length documentary film [[Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year]] (2005). He is the author of three books including one on gravity entitled [[Gravity is Not Free]], a second book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] which is based on [[the Particle Model]] developed by himself and his son [[David de Hilster]], and a third book entitled [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]].<br />
==Early Life== <br />
Robert "Bob" de Hilster was born on August 21, 1937 in Wyndotte Michigan to a Dutch father, and an American mother. Bob went to a Lutheran school through 10th grade when he attended Wyandotte High School in Michigan where he met his future wife [[Pat de Hilster]]. In 1957, he married Pat and moved to Ann Arbor Michigan where he obtained an engineering physics degree. While in college, he and his wife had their first son, [[David de Hilster]].<br />
<br />
==Professional Career==<br />
Robert de Hilster worked as an electrical engineer in research for over 40 years, specializing in the area of telecommunications in which he holds several patents. He worked on one of the first large commercial computers, the Remington-Rand Univac. He worked over twenty years for North Electric in Ohio developing digital switching systems. Robert then worked for another 20 years for Itec in Huntsville Alabama working again in the area of telecommunications. After retiring, he and some colleagues formed their own company working on portable lights for runways among other projects. Robert retired in 2005 after folding this small company.<br />
<br />
==Wave-Particle Duality<br />
In 2015, Robert de Hilster found a possible solution to the wave-particle duality while trying to come up with a way in which to describe light waves as particles.<br />
<br />
[[File:PMCover3_Front Cover.png|thumb|300px|Cover of the book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://tpm.dehilster.com Principia Mathematica 2] ]]<br />
<br />
==Current Work==<br />
[[File:EinsteinWrongMoviePoster.jpg|thumb|300px|Poster for the movie [http://einsteinwrong.com "Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year"] ]]<br />
In 2006, Bob started work on a gravity experiment to try and detect gravity as a particle. Since then, he has developed his own equation for gravity that is based on a cloud of forces allow him to simulate any physical setup. De Hilster has also looked into his gravity equation explaining anomalies in orbits, planet rotation, dark matter, to name a few. Robert is one of the main characters in the documentary film [http://www.einsteinwrong.com Einstein Wrong - The Miracle Year] coming out in late 2013.<br />
<br />
Robert has written a book on gravity called [[Gravity is Not Free]] and is currently co-authoring the book [[Principia Mathematica 2]] with his son [[David de Hilster]] describing what they call the first complete physical model of the entire universe based on the [[Particle Model]]. Bob continues to use the basic ideas from his gravity equation and has applied it to circuit theory. It should also be applicable to other areas of physics.<br />
<br />
In late 2017, Bob started a YouTube channel [http://youtube.particle.guru The Particle Guru] where he makes videos describing various aspects with the Particle Model.<br />
<br />
Bob is currently working on a second book with son David called [[The Four Universal Motions in Physics]] which is also part of a documentary film by Javier Perez on the subject and on the father-son scientific collaboration.<br />
<br />
[[File:FourMotionsCover.jpg|thumb|300px|Cover of a second book David authored by he and his father [[Bob de Hilster]] [http://fourmotions.org The Four Universal Motions in Physics] ]]<br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
<br />
1960 B.S. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan<br />
<br />
==Personal==<br />
<br />
Bob is widowed (married to [[Patricia de Hilster]]) and has four children: David, Karan, Laurie, and Michael, along with many grandchildren and great grandchildren. He is retired and currently lives and works in Boca Raton Florida near his first son David.<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
* [http://youtube.particle.guru http://youtube.particle.guru]<br />
* [http://www.particle.guru http://www.particle.guru]<br />
<br />
==Societies and Associations==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.autodynamics.org/ Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics]<br />
* [[Natural Philosophy Alliance]]; Past Member<br />
* [Chappell Natural Philosophy Society]<br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* 2024 - "[[Four Universal Motions in Physics]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2017 - "[[Universe Hack 3.0]]" (with [[David de Hilster]])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is not Free]]"<br />
<br />
==Abstracts==<br />
<br />
* 2018 - "[[Dark Matter Versus G]]"<br />
* 2016 - "[[Special Relativity is Not Needed]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[Light, Gravity, and Mass: A Particle Theory]]" <br />
* 2015 - "[[The Gyroscope]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7273.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2015 - "[[Gravity is A Pushing Force ]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_7299.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2013 - "[[Aberration]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_paperlink_7085.docx Read in full])<br />
* 2012 - "[[The Wang Eclipse]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_6453.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2011 - "[[Fundamentals of Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_5947.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[Majorana's Experiments and a New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1188.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2009 - "[[A New Equation for Gravity]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_1137.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[An Equation for G]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_174.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Equations]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_12.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2008 - "[[The Graviton Experiment]]" ([http://www.naturalphilosophy.org/pdf/abstracts/abstracts_14.pdf Read in full])<br />
* 2007 - "[[Gravity Experiment 1 ]]"<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
<br />
* 2012 - [ http://youtu.be/V24wav2cuK8 ] (Video Demonstration)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_446_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #10] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_409_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2011 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_410_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #8] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_401_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #7] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_372_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting - Time & Perihelion Advance] (Video Lecture)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_323_dimdim.flv Gravity Group #4] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2010 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_280_dimdim.flv Gravity Group Meeting #2] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
* 2009 - [http://www.worldsci.org/videos/dimdim/event_274_dimdim.flv Gravity Group] (Video Group Meeting)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientist|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Theory & Models|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Gravity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:Relativity|de Hilster Robert]]<br />
[[Category:American|de Hilster Robert]]</div>DeHilster